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<h2><a name="ear">Ear</a></h2>
<h3>Description</h3>
<p>An extension of the <a href="jar.html">Jar</a> task with special
treatment for files that should end up in an Enterprise Application archive.</p>
<p>(The Ear task is a shortcut for specifying the particular layout of a EAR file. 
The same thing can be accomplished by using the <i>prefix</i> and <i>fullpath</i>
attributes of zipfilesets in a Zip or Jar task.)</p>
<p>The extended zipfileset element from the zip task (with attributes <i>prefix</i>, <i>fullpath</i>, and <i>src</i>) is available in the Ear task.</p>

<p><b>Please note that the zip format allows multiple files of the same
fully-qualified name to exist within a single archive.  This has been
documented as causing various problems for unsuspecting users.  If you wish
to avoid this behavior you must set the <code>duplicate</code> attribute
to a value other than its default, <code>&quot;add&quot;</code>.</b></p>

<h3>Parameters</h3>
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
  <tr>
    <td valign="top"><b>Attribute</b></td>
    <td valign="top"><b>Description</b></td>
    <td align="center" valign="top"><b>Required</b></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">destfile</td>
    <td valign="top">the EAR file to create.</td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">Yes</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">appxml</td>
    <td valign="top">The deployment descriptor to use (META-INF/application.xml).</td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">Yes, unless update is set to true</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">basedir</td>
    <td valign="top">the directory from which to jar the files.</td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">compress</td>
    <td valign="top">Not only store data but also compress them,
    defaults to true.  Unless you set the <em>keepcompression</em>
    attribute to false, this will apply to the entire archive, not
    only the files you've added while updating.</td>
    <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">keepcompression</td>
    <td valign="top">For entries coming from existing archives (like
    nested <em>zipfileset</em>s or while updating the archive), keep
    the compression as it has been originally instead of using the
    <em>compress</em> attribute.  Defaults false.  <em>Since Apache Ant
    1.6</em></td>
    <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">encoding</td>
    <td valign="top">The character encoding to use for filenames
      inside the archive.  Defaults to UTF8. <strong>It is not
      recommended to change this value as the created archive will most
      likely be unreadable for Java otherwise.</strong>
      <br/>See also the <a href="zip.html#encoding">discussion in the
      zip task page</a></td>
    <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">filesonly</td>
    <td valign="top">Store only file entries, defaults to false</td>
    <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">includes</td>
    <td valign="top">comma- or space-separated list of patterns of files that must be
      included. All files are included when omitted.</td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">includesfile</td>
    <td valign="top">the name of a file. Each line of this file is
      taken to be an include pattern</td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">excludes</td>
    <td valign="top">comma- or space-separated list of patterns of files that must be
      excluded. No files (except default excludes) are excluded when omitted.</td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">excludesfile</td>
    <td valign="top">the name of a file. Each line of this file is
      taken to be an exclude pattern</td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">defaultexcludes</td>
    <td valign="top">indicates whether default excludes should be used or not
      (&quot;yes&quot;/&quot;no&quot;). Default excludes are used when omitted.</td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">manifest</td>
    <td valign="top">the manifest file to use.</td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">filesetmanifest</td>
    <td valign="top">behavior when a Manifest is found in a zipfileset or zipgroupfileset file is found.  Valid values are &quot;skip&quot;, &quot;merge&quot;, and &quot;mergewithoutmain&quot;.  &quot;merge&quot; will merge all of the manifests together, and merge this into any other specified manifests.  &quot;mergewithoutmain&quot; merges everything but the Main section of the manifests.  Default value is &quot;skip&quot;.
    </td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">whenmanifestonly</td>
    <td valign="top">behavior when no files match.  Valid values are &quot;fail&quot;, &quot;skip&quot;, and &quot;create&quot;.  Default is &quot;create&quot;.</td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">manifestencoding</td>
    <td valign="top">The encoding used to read the JAR manifest, when a manifest file is specified.</td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No, defaults to the platform encoding.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">index</td>
    <td valign="top">whether to create an <A
    HREF="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/jar/jar.html#JAR_Index">index
    list</A> to speed up classloading.  This is a JDK 1.3+ specific
    feature.  Unless you specify additional jars with nested <a
    href="jar.html#indexjars"><code>indexjars</code></a> elements, only the
    contents of this jar will be included in the index.  Defaults to
    false.</td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">indexMetaInf</td>
    <td valign="top">whether to include META-INF and its children in
      the index.  Doesn't have any effect if <em>index</em> is
      false.<br/>
      Oracle's jar implementation used to skip the META-INF directory and
      Ant followed that example.  The behavior has been changed with
      <a href="https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-4408526">Java
      5</a>.  In order to avoid problems with Ant generated jars on
      Java 1.4 or earlier Ant will not include META-INF unless
      explicitly asked to.<br/>
      <em>Ant 1.8.0</em> - Defaults to false.</td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">update</td>
    <td valign="top">indicates whether to update or overwrite
      the destination file if it already exists.  Default is &quot;false&quot;.</td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">duplicate</td>
    <td valign="top">behavior when a duplicate file is found.  Valid values are &quot;add&quot;, &quot;preserve&quot;, and &quot;fail&quot;.  The default value is &quot;add&quot;.  </td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">roundup</td>
    <td valign="top">Whether the file modification times will be
    rounded up to the next even number of seconds.<br>
    Zip archives store file modification times with a granularity of
    two seconds, so the times will either be rounded up or down.  If
    you round down, the archive will always seem out-of-date when you
    rerun the task, so the default is to round up.  Rounding up may
    lead to a different type of problems like JSPs inside a web
    archive that seem to be slightly more recent than precompiled
    pages, rendering precompilation useless.<br>
    Defaults to true.  <em>Since Ant 1.6.2</em></td>
    <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">level</td>
    <td valign="top">Non-default level at which file compression should be
    performed. Valid values range from 0 (no compression/fastest) to 9
    (maximum compression/slowest). <em>Since Ant 1.7</em></td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">preserve0permissions</td>
    <td valign="top">when updating an archive or adding entries from a
    different archive Ant will assume that a Unix permissions value of
    0 (nobody is allowed to do anything to the file/directory) means
    that the permissions haven't been stored at all rather than real
    permissions and will instead apply its own default values.<br/>
    Set this attribute to true if you really want to preserve the
      original permission field.<em>since Ant 1.8.0</em>
    </td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No, default is false</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">useLanguageEncodingFlag</td>
    <td valign="top">Whether to set the language encoding flag if the
      encoding is UTF-8.  This setting doesn't have any effect if the
      encoding is not UTF-8.
      <em>Since Ant 1.8.0</em>.
      <br/>See also the <a href="zip.html#encoding">discussion in the
      zip task page</a></td>
    <td valign="top" align="center">No, default is true</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">createUnicodeExtraFields</td>
    <td valign="top">Whether to create unicode extra fields to store
      the file names a second time inside the entry's metadata.
      <br>Possible values are "never", "always" and "not-encodeable"
      which will only add Unicode extra fields if the file name cannot
      be encoded using the specified encoding.
      <em>Since Ant 1.8.0</em>.
      <br/>See also the <a href="zip.html#encoding">discussion in the
      zip task page</a></td>
    <td align="center" valign="top">No, default is "never"</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">fallbacktoUTF8</td>
    <td valign="top">Whether to use UTF-8 and the language encoding
      flag instead of the specified encoding if a file name cannot be
      encoded using the specified encoding.
      <em>Since Ant 1.8.0</em>.
      <br/>See also the <a href="zip.html#encoding">discussion in the
      zip task page</a></td>
    <td align="center" valign="top">No, default is false</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">mergeClassPathAttributes</td>
    <td valign="top">Whether to merge the Class-Path attributes found
      in different manifests (if merging manifests).  If false, only
      the attribute of the last merged manifest will be preserved.
      <em>Since Ant 1.8.0</em>.
      <br/>unless you also set flattenAttributes to true this may
      result in manifests containing multiple Class-Path attributes
      which violates the manifest specification.</td>
    <td align="center" valign="top">No, default is false</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">flattenAttributes</td>
    <td valign="top">Whether to merge attributes occurring more than
      once in a section (this can only happen for the Class-Path
      attribute) into a single attribute.
      <em>Since Ant 1.8.0</em>.</td>
    <td align="center" valign="top">No, default is false</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="top">zip64Mode</td>
    <td valign="top">When to use Zip64 extensions for entries.  The
      possible values are "never", "always" and "as-needed".
      <em>Since Ant 1.9.1</em>.
      <br/>See also the <a href="zip.html#zip64">discussion in the
      zip task page</a></td>
    <td align="center" valign="top">No, default is "never"</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h3>Nested elements</h3>

<h4>metainf</h4>
<p>The nested <code>metainf</code> element specifies a <a
href="../Types/fileset.html">FileSet</a>. All files included in this fileset will
end up in the <code>META-INF</code> directory of the ear file. If this
fileset includes a file named <code>MANIFEST.MF</code>, the file is
ignored and you will get a warning.</p>

<h4>manifest, indexjars, service</h4>
These are inherited from <a href="jar.html">&lt;jar&gt;</a>

<h2>Example</h2>
<pre>
    &lt;ear destfile=&quot;${build.dir}/myapp.ear&quot; appxml=&quot;${src.dir}/metadata/application.xml&quot;&gt;
      &lt;fileset dir=&quot;${build.dir}&quot; includes=&quot;*.jar,*.war&quot;/&gt;
    &lt;/ear&gt;
</pre>


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